The final page of a protest letter from Czechoslovak refugees in Shanghai, complaining of unrestricted anti-Jewish persecution by persons considered official representatives of the state. The letter addressed to the representatives of the Czechoslovak government-in-exile had little effect; the racist hatred continued smoothly into the post-war period, when Jewish refugees were not restored to Czechoslovak citizenship, claiming that they had never been true Czechs and had had enough of their wealth.
The feud culminated in 1947 with the refugees being labeled "Zionists" who "never felt Czech" and "will never be state-forming citizens of our republic." Anticipating the atmosphere of the 1950s, the "Aryan" leaders of the former Czechoslovak Circle predicted that the Jewish survivors would "soon become a fifth column."
Alfred Stoessler represented the stateless refugees as a lawyer and helped many of them greatly. Despite Chinese Communist totalitarianism, he served as secretary of the emigration department of the Jewish community in Shanghai until the early 1950s. He was one of the last asylum seekers to leave the once free city that saved their lives during the war.